English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

English writing - Essay Example ell, they have not wavered on a solitary event to dismiss any single chance to achieve it, even at the expense of exacting inconceivable impact of damage to their kindred people. Such edgy endeavor of intensity mongering started hundreds of years prior yet as the development has advanced it has taken an increasingly severe and stripped structure. Aristotle maybe envisioned the progressing procedure of unspeakable atrocity; in this way, he commented prophetically, â€Å"The truth is that the best violations are brought about by overabundance and not by need. Men don't become dictators all together that they may not endure cold; and henceforth incredible is the respect gave, not on him who murders a cheat, yet on him who slaughters a tyrant.† (Aristotle, Part VII) Then again it very amazing to see that regardless of how much the dictators and force mongers endeavor to incur the torment over mankind however they have not had the option to crush the soul and embodiment of humankind totally. People, even in today’s universe of good defilement just as shared doubt are prepared to extend their hands for helping other people. Through writing, music and distinctive different types of expressions they challenge such silly procedure of unspeakable atrocity by their human partners. Through investigation of specific stories and a film Born on the Fourth of July, we will attempt to comprehend whether shared battle of people has truly had the option to hold human instinct and qualities. Simultaneously we will likewise observe to which extent unspeakable atrocity has stretched out its degree to abuse the obligation of human partnership. 1. Conceived on the Fourth of July/This film was discharged in the year 1989 and has been made by getting motivation from the life account with a similar name, from a veteran of Vietnam War, Ron Kovic. Despite the fact that Ron was conceived and raised in a family, having a solid energetic foundation yet in the wake of watching the truth of the Vietnam War however his own eyes, Ron was totally baffled about the demonstration of fighting.

Age Related Changes That Occur in the Cardiovascular System Free Essays

Age Related Changes that Occur in the Cardiovascular System Age Related Changes that Occur in the Cardiovascular System In the ordinary conduction of the heart the electrical drive begins in the SA hub, additionally called the pacemaker of the heart. The electrical motivation goes through the correct chamber and through the Bachmann’s pack into the left chamber. This animates the atria to contract. We will compose a custom paper test on Age Related Changes That Occur in the Cardiovascular System or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Next the sign travel to the AV hub. The AV hub marginally postpones the sign. This postponement is required for the heart to thump appropriately. The Cardiovascular System iframe class=wp-installed content sandbox=allow-contents security=restricted style=position: outright; cut: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); src=https://phdessay.com/the-cardiovascular-framework natural conduction-framework/implant/#?secret=ut1rhQbsSH information secret=ut1rhQbsSH width=500 height=282 title=#8220;The Cardiovascular System#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com frameborder=0 marginwidth=0 marginheight=0 scrolling=no/iframe Immediately the atria and ventricles would beat simultaneously. The electrical sign at that point goes to the Bundle of His where it is part into the signs setting off to one side and left ventricle. The sign goes through the left and the correct Bundle Branch to get the ventricles. As the body ages there are changes in the cardiovascular framework. A portion of these progressions remember significant changes for pulse, veins become all the more solid and thicker, heart valves become thicker and all the more hardened, the SA hub loses cells and developes stringy tissue. One significant change is the decline in the versatility of the aorta and extraordinary supply routes. The typical aorta takes into account ordinary extension during systole. Left ventricular launch makes a weight wave which ventures to every part of the length of the aorta to the outskirts. The beat produced at a fringe vessel is the aftereffect of this weight wave and isn't an impression of blood stream. The speed of the weight wave is named the beat wave speed. Age-related aortic solidifying causes an expansion in the beat wave speed. The wave speed in the older outcomes in a rise in the systolic pulse. The beat wave is quicker bringing about the reflected wave arriving at the climbing aorta in the late systole as opposed to early diastole. Coronary supply route ailment likewise called CAD is the main source of death in the two people. Computer aided design is the main kind of coronary illness in the United States. Computer aided design is the solidifying and develop of plaque inside the corridors that flexibly the heart with blood. The fundamental piece of plaque is cholesterol trailed by different minerals. This kind of develop is called atherosclerosis. As this develops it blocks the courses which thusly diminishes the measure of oxygen arriving at the heart. This can lear to chest torment and coronary episodes. The danger of CAD increments with age. 37% of individuals in the age scope of 65-74 years of age and 48% of those beyond 75 1 years old (1) revealed having this sort of disease. In the 75 years and over, more than 33% of men and roughly one fourth of ladies are at present living with coronary corridor infection. Hypertension is increasingly regular in the 60 and over range. Hypertension is characterize as a circulatory strain of 140/90 or more noteworthy. Hypertension is identified with the loss of versatility in the aorta. Pulse basically systolic weight ascends with age. In a network based examination 90% of midlife grown-ups with ordinary circulatory strain created hypertension in late life. (Ref 2) Arrhythmia is an unusual heart beat. It’s increasingly basic in the maturing grown-up. Arrhythmias happen when the electrical signals on the heart are not working effectively and making the heart beat in unpredictable musicality. A wide range of things can prompt arrhythmias. Cardiovascular arrhythmias can be brought about by a respiratory failure, scarring from earlier coronary episode, blocked conduits (CAD), hypertension, changes to your heart’s structure, for example, from cardiomyopathy. Most basic arrhythmias in the old are tachycardia and bradycardia. Tachycardia is a pulse more noteworthy than 100 beats for each moment and bradycardia is under 60 beats for each moment. Tachycardia is most normally brought about by age-related crumbling of the heart or a basic ailment. It is an interruption of the ordinary electrical sign. Bradycardia is brought about by changes to the heart identified with maturing. It is additionally an interruption of the typical electrical sign. Congestive cardiovascular breakdown (CHF) is a condition brought about by the debilitating of the heart and the cardiovascular framework. It creates when the heart can't siphon enough blood. A few reasons for CHF would incorporate, limited veins that flexibly blood to the heart muscle †coronary supply route sickness, past cardiovascular failure, or myocardial dead tissue, with scar tissue that meddles with the heart muscle’s typical work, hypertension, heart valve ailment, essential infection of the heart muscle itself, called cardiomyopathy. Hypertension is the main source of CHF in the older. High blood bressure put levels of popularity on the heart to siphon blood. This delayed interest debilitates the heart muscle after some time. The heart doesn’t siphon as effectively as it should, the blood eases back down and less blood is siphoned. The blood coming back to the heart backs up in the veins driving liquid from the veins into tissues of the feet and legs. The growing that outcomes is call â€Å"edema†. List of sources Medline Plus, Aging changes in the heart and veins, Retrieved April 1, 2013 From http://www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004006. htm Jenkins, Kemnitz, Tortora (2010) Anatomy and Physiology From Science to Life Danvers, MA: John Wiley and Sons Inc Pat Joiner-Myers, Mosby’s Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing and Health Professions eighth Edition Medscape, Cardiovascular Physiology-Changes With Aging , Retrieved April 1, 2013 From http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/450564_2 References 1. Office for National Statistics: General Lifestyle Survey (2007) www. measurements. gov. uk/statbase/item. asp? vlnk=5756 2. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S et al. Remaining lifetime hazard for creating hypertension in moderately aged ladies and men. JAMA 287, 1003â€1010 (2002). Step by step instructions to refer to Age Related Changes That Occur in the Cardiovascular System, Papers

Continetal drift theory Essays -- essays research papers fc

Mainland Drift, the hypothesis that landmasses move gradually about the world's surface, changing their positions comparative with each other and to the shafts of the earth. In the past the hypothesis has been examined however not by and large acknowledged, most geologists accepting the mainlands to be fixed set up and subject just to vertical developments, for example, those saw during mountain inspire. As of late, in any case, a sound group of proof on the side of an altered type of the float hypothesis has been found. Thoughts are getting exact and brought together, with accentuation on a moving, developing sea depths. The new hypothesis is called plate tectonics. Not long after the Atlantic Ocean had been mapped, around 300 years prior, it was seen that the contrary coasts had comparable shapes, however it was not until the center of the nineteenth century that precise maps were distributed exhibiting that the two coasts could be fitted together intently. A few geologists at that point recommended that the attack of the coasts was not a mishap - that the landmasses were once joined and had in this manner floated separated. None of the proposals were paid attention to. Â Â Â Â Â In 1912, notwithstanding, the German meteorologist Alfred Wegener researched the attack of the Atlantic drifts more cautiously than had his forerunners and gathered all the mainlands into one extraordinary land mass, which he called Pangaea. He guessed that the mass started to break separated around 200 million years prior. He likewise demonstrated that some geographical highlights on the contrary drifts could have fitted together, and that there were many striking similitudes between the fossil plants and reptiles on the contrary drifts, especially the shores of Africa and South America. In the event that the landmasses were pushed together, the topographical, fossil, and different lines of proof would consolidate precisely in the manner that lines of print on a torn paper would join when the paper was reassembled. Wegener additionally brought up that old climatic zones appeared to have lain in better places from the current zones. He called attention to that where in credible ice sheets have liquefied in ongoing geographical occasions in Scandinavia and North America, the land is ascending as quick as a centimeter a year. This vertical inspire, he stated, requires flat inflow of issue beneath and infers that stream and movement do happen inside the earth. Â Â Â Â Â We... ...a segregated mainland. Â Â Â Â Â Although Wegener and Du Toit recommended that the crude mainlands started to separate around 200 million years back, there is a lot of proof that float started some time before at that point, and that mainland squares have gradually been moving about the world's surface all through a lot of land time. It appears that before the mainlands floated separated and opened up the Atlantic, they had floated together and quit for the day sooner sea. Somewhere else where landmasses appear to have chanced upon one another and accumulated mountains between them is the Himalayas, which may have been delivered when the Indian Peninsula segregated itself from Gondwanaland and continuously floated into Asia List of sources  Daley, Robert B. 1986 An investigation of an evolving planet; CEBCO Publishing co. p.418  Bartolini, Annachiara and Larson, Roger L; 2001 Pacific microplate and the Pangea supercontinent in the Early to Middle Jurassic; Geology, Aug2001, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p735-39  Anderson, Don L 2001. Top-Down Tectonics; Science, 9/14/2001, Vol. 293 Issue 5537, p2016-18  http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geography/classes/Geo101/101week6_s01.html

Investment Banking Failures in the UK

Speculation Banking Failures in the UK Presentation The United Kingdom, and especially London, helps as one of the main remote communities for Investment banking and other related makes a difference. Around one-half European speculation activity happens by means of London just as, with New York, London contains the overall head to the arranging of venture banking makes a difference. All together for questions gave by outside budgetary organizations London; The United Kingdom rich and extended lawful just as bankruptcy governments are two of the most huge essentials supporting the achievement of the United Kingdom monetary division just as its character as a remote community for venture banking. Especially, the truth that the United Kingdom bankruptcy government doesn't separate with in home just as the remote loan bosses perseveres an area of Substantial serious advantage. The legislature is locked in to saving these Merits, just as developing upon Londons accomplishment as an overall speculation supports banking focus. In acting so i ts striking that the legislature, together with the money related Services Authority (FSA) just as the business itself, is fit to concede reasonable procedure, and answer quickly just as effectively to whatever worries which may come out as for the United Kingdom government. The cutting edge choppiness in budgetary organizations advance contains spotlight refutes for the providers of Investment finances banking helps just as their clients, and government just as governors, the worldwide over. A predetermined assortment of questions contains rose in the circumstance of the indebtedness of to such an extent that business firms, Admitting with the reference to the manner by which administrators just as extra bankruptcy authorities handle With unequivocal areas in the market and the convey of client assets in a single case the ineffective business firm has Participated indebtedness. Market members bear an inquiry to the ability of indebtedness governments, by and large Nations, to answe r to the particular questions presented by the washout of significant compound money related associations, explicitly overall venture finances banking concerns. It is basic that the specialists answers effectively to these questions, by taking a gander at whether The United Kingdom indebtedness government could involve extra fortify, by establishing reasonable qualities To consider with venture subsidizes banking washout, just as handling with our worldwide teammates to guarantee Cooperation while considering with the failure of huge cross-fringe business firms. Venture banks A venture bank is a monetary association that improves capital, exchanges just as arrangements mortal. In different terms venture banking is named as corporate account Venture banks process for, and advantage from, organizations just as specialists, by lifting income by means of distributing and exchanging security frameworks capital markets (some reasonableness and obligation) just as guaranteeing securities (for example. Exchanging credit default switches), and permitting exhortation on procedures determined combinations just as acquirements. An outright greater part of speculation finances banking concerns give deliberately consolatory serves to combinations, achievements, divestiture or extra money related administrations for clients, determined the circulating of subsidiaries, inflexible income, abroad exchange, exchange products, just as value safety efforts. In states of regulative capability, to do these aides in the United States government and advisor must include the approved representative seller, just as an issue to Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) (FINRA) law [1]. Until 1999, the U.S.A. Saved an interim with a speculation subsidiz es banking just as business banking concerns. Other industrialized countries, conceding G7 countries, have not protected this interim verifiably. Circulating security frameworks for money or safety efforts (i.e., help methods, advertise making), or the progression of insurances (i.e., guaranteeing, investigate, etc.) was referenced to as the exchange side. The word venture bank can characterize organizations getting a too wide scope of activities, conceding the arranging of guidance, the broking of procedures, advantage enterprise and head conveying activity. For every single one of these activities is striking to the working of fluid discount advertises just as goes on both inside the wide business banking worries just as inside the more altered foundations to which the word, speculation finances bank is ordinarily utilized. As a rule, banking concerns either dedicated in exchange (or retail) banking or venture banking. In exchange banking, the establishment gets together stores from clients just as manages straight loans to business associations and a few bodies. Through the speculation banking, a premise creates funds in two separate strategies. It may take out on basic assets by means of the capital market by exchanging stock its industry, just as it may likewise search for out plan capital or individual value in trade for the stake in its industry. A venture banking business firm should contract alluding work. Speculation financiers may, for example, bear the cost of partnerships counsel on combinations and achievements. They cross the market so as to manage the cost of guidance on as to comprise regular offers and how better to control the enterprises normal belongings. Sure of the warning activities speculation banking business firms submit in meeting with those of a nonpublic financier, similar to they will every now and again manage the cost of procurement and-offer guidance to the enterprises that they were available. The beginning with venture banking and extra sorts of banking has go harder to shut in late weeks, as deregulating empowered financial establishments to come in extra parts. Goldman Sachs saw that however there have dissimilarities in free budgetary foundations business firms endeavor models, the business undertakings of practically whole expansive, including money related organizations mediators which were covered. Their inside activities concede traditional money related organizations intervention, sharing, advertise comprising, consolatory aides and furthermore guaranteeing safety efforts. Many popularized banking concerns submit in the venture supports banking endeavor. An eminent separation with in speculation banking worries just as nearly of the business banking concerns is that venture banking concerns endeavor would be made overwhelmingly in the huge amounts/institutional markets, while the huge worldwide and business banking concerns would too bear a gigantic retail business undertakings and client base Examination Disappointment in the United Kingdoms monetary helps industry in the City that ‘Alpha is the shorthand which is utilized for cutting edge advantage just as ‘tracking Alpha is the thing that Great Britains brokers, financial specialists and furthermore the physical boss chairmen acted in the last two many years of the twentieth century just as the activity yrs of this thousand years, peaking with in 2003 just as 2007 out of a blow out of impact and indiscreet improvement ventures. In any case, to nearly members just as reporters the yrs 1997-2007 seemed to show that following alpha worked out. By the yr 2007 the United Kingdom had happen to act a significant character in the overall monetary organizations bolsters the business. New Yorks city male guardians were enough alluded by the Citys rapidly rising business sector commitment that they approved the counseling organization McKinsey to situate the issue. The insights comprised in certainty stunning. Londons commitment of the worldwide over-the-counter differentials advertise viola ted 40%, all over 20% of the presences fence stock investments assets contained took care of in London just as Europe, for the most part the City, determined for 63% of overall starting open contributions in 2006. By this period, Europe, at once and hesitation for the huge American venture banking concerns, included right around one-a large portion of their total wages. The Citys achiever assisted with deciphering Great Britains alarming creation up monetary framework into a propelled information drove financial framework. Money related foundations helps commitment of open objective created from 4% in 2001 to 7% in 2007, the industriousness brought a business overabundance of about  £forty billion, offered more than one million occupations just as depicted for about 13% of the outright income improvement accumulated by their Majestys pay customs. Such an extensive amount this succeeded had been cultivated during Gordon Browns best period as Chancellor of the Exchequer with in 1997 and 2007 too he thought about the City as a model for the equalization of the country, at one time recognizing a meeting of brokers: ‘What you have achieved for the money related foundation helps division we, as a country, at a current intend to achieve for the whole of the British financial frameworks. It had been a quick turn. Londons business customs returned to the fifteenth century yet for a few yrs the City included a closed store, clubby and approaching shows up just as not especially dedicated. Entrepreneurialism involved firmest in the eponymous dealer banking concerns built up by European outcast classes with the end goal that like the Rothschilds just as the Warburgs simply their improvement contained was stayed by banking standards just as mandates which restricted their commitment in capital markets. With the finish of the World War II and 1979, as the preservationist parties and the work rotated to deal with impact, the City signed on, suspected by the first, left to its own components by the last referenced and too not saw as fundamental to nationalistic accomplishment by either ideological group. Matters modified for Great Britain and Margaret Thatchers Conservatives succeeded impact by the City in 1979 when. Enthusiastic liberal market political economy s

When Disaster Strikes

When Disaster Strikes With Hurricane Wilma bearing down on Florida, and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the earthquake in Pakistan still very much on all of our minds, and the early action deadline about a week away, I figure this is a good time to talk about application process flexibility. We know bad things happen, like when your school is shut down by a hurricane, your home is destroyed by an earthquake, a close relative passes away, or other unforeseen tragedies. Obviously, any of these things can make it hard to apply to college. We at MIT Admissions are willing to be very flexible with your application if something awful happens to you. Each circumstance is very different, so its hard to give examples, but do know that we are willing to work with you. If you need to work out a flexible solution for your situation, please call the office at (617) 253-4791, Monday-Friday, 9am-5pm Boston time, or send us an email at [emailprotected] Relatedly, there are several upcoming benefits at MIT. First, from an email I received Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2005 02:31:09 -0400 From: [an MIT student] To: [MIT students] Subject: Candle-light Vigil for the Earthquake Victims in South Asia this Tuesday @ 7:30pm Candle-light Vigil for the Earthquake Victims in South Asia Come show your support for the Earthquake Victims in South Asia on Tuesday, 25th October at 7:30pm by lighting a candle in front of the student center steps. Over 80,000 people have died and more than 3 million are homeless in Pakistan, the country worst hit by the earthquake. As communications with remote villages are re-established, the death and injury toll is likely to rise. Tens of thousands of people have lost their homes as entire villages in the Kashmir region and northern Pakistan have been wiped out. Pakistan faces an enormous challenge in terms of not only providing food and shelter to those who have lost their homes and families, but also for the future rehabilitation of earthquake survivors, especially the thousands of children orphaned by the disaster. Please take out a few minutes of your time and help remember the earthquake victims, hear personal stories of people affected by the disaster and help contribute funds to save more lives. Suggested donation: $2 per candle Time: 7:30pm (stay for as long or as short as you want) Location: Student Center Steps Needed: YOU! **Coupons for candles are available for sale in lobby 10** Also, the annual Fall Festival event has become a celebration of/benefit for New Orleans, coordinated by New Orleans resident and MIT junior Louis Fouche: Fall Festival Presents Bayou Bash; A Big Celebration of the Big Easy! October 28-30th, 2005 Fall Festival 2005 will host internationally known jazz greats from New Orleans including the citys Mardi Gras ambassadors, Big Chief Bo Dollis The Wild Magnolias, Marva Wright (the Blues Queen of New Orleans), the Piano and Zydeco princes, Davell Crawford and Rockin Dopsie, Jr., traditional Jazz legend Bob French, and the second line street beat of the Lil Stooges Brass Band, among many others. Performers and guests will converge on campus in late October for a series of charity performances to benefit both the victims of Hurricane Katrina and now struggling musicians from the vibrant New Orleans Jazz community. All events are open to the Entire MIT community and guests (the Sunday evening concert is open to MIT community and non-MIT members). Bayou Bash Events: Friday, October 28th: Jazz Concert, 12:30pm 1:30pm in Stata Amphitheater. Join the Stooges Brass Band and the Wild Magnolias Mardi Gras Indians led by Big Chief Bo Dollis, Jr., directly from New Orleans, for an authentic New Orleans second line procession (Parade) in and around Stata Student Street. Follow the parade to a New Orleans Jam session for the MIT campus from 12:30 to 1:30pm in the Stata Amphitheater. (Inclement Weather location will be the Gates Lobby). Bring your instruments: including tambourines, cowbells, percussion. And second line handkerchiefs and umbrellas. Free drinks and food will be provided. SaveTFP Spooky Skate: The Great Masquerade, 10pm 1am in the Johnson Ice Rink. This annual event, sponsored and run by SaveTFP, will certainly be a great success again this year. SaveTFP has decided to incorporate the Mardi Gras theme into their event. New Orleans themed costumes are encouraged and there will be prizes for the best costume. Activities and food in the Zcenter Lobby will accompany the free skate. Saturday October 29th BBQ and Jazz Music, 1pm at the Kresge BBQ Pits. Join The Christian Scott Sextet and MITs own Louis Fouche as they play Jazz music during the Bayou Bash BBQ. This event is open to the entire MIT community and will be a great way to celebrate New Orleans style music, hang out with friends and enjoy some great food. 23rd Annual Sigma Kappa Late Night, 8pm in Kresge Auditorium. Sigma Kappa Late Night is the annual variety show fundraiser for Alzheimers Disease. Every year, students enter acts to show off their talents to over 500 members of the MIT community and compete to win great prizes donated by local Boston and Cambridge businesses. Last year, we raised over $3,500 to benefit Alzheimers Disease research. Sunday, October 30th Jazz Brunch, 12pm in the Sidney-Pacific Multi-purpose Room. Join graduate students and friends for a wonderful brunch in the Sidney-Pacific Multi-purpose Room. A live Jazz quartet will entertain guests as they enjoy good food and good company. This event is open to the entire MIT community. HallowMIT, 3:30pm on Kresge Oval and Student Center Lobby. Where: Student Center Lobby (W20), followed by trick or treat at Simmons Hall Who: Entire MIT Community students, staff, families, kids. What: Clowns, jugglers, face paints, balloons, parades, candy, games and tons of fun for everyone! Bayou Bash Concert featuring The Wild Magnolias, 7pm (doors at 6:30pm) at Kresge Auditorium. Bayou Bashs main event!! This concert will be a huge gathering of New Orleans musicians including Big Chief Bo Dollis The Wild Magnolias, the famous Mardi Gras Indians, who will perform with other Jazz standouts including: Marva Wright, Davell Crawford, Rockin Dopsie, Jr, Bob French and the Lil Stooges Brass Band. More About the Fall Festival Charities Bayou Bash has two main charity goals: The first is to provide a fantastic venue for New Orleans musicians to practice their livelihood; live and on stage here at MIT. This is an important goal as many of the performers have lost their homes and performance venues. Our second goal is to donate proceeds from the Sunday evening concert to Pass Christian, Mississippis high school music program and to the New Orleans Childrens Hospital. Even if you cant make it to these events, you can of course still donate to the cause via the Red Cross or any of the many, many other groups involved in the relief efforts.

A Play as a Mirror Bertolt Brechts The Life of Galileo - Literature Essay Samples

Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956) lived in a period when Europe went through the most massive economic, political, and social changes. He witnessed the two World Wars, the revolutions in Austria, Germany, Hungary in 1917-1918, the uprising of Communism in Russia, Fascism in Italy, Nazism in Germany, and the Cold War between the United States and Russia (Geary 2). During the 1930s, the Nazi Party became more and more popular in Germany. In 1934, Adolf Hitler seized control in Germany and became the Fuhrer and Chancellor of the Reich (Gray 90). Brecht, a believer in Marxism and a socialist writer, became an obvious target of the Nazi German Government. When Adolf Hitler came into power in 1933, Brecht was exiled from Germany and his books were under a ban. During his exile from 1938 to 1945, he wrote five masterpieces that established his fame abroad: Mother Courage and Her Children (1939/1941), The Life of Galileo (1938/1943), The Good Woman of Setzuan (1940/1943), Mr. Puntila and his Servan t Matti (1941), and The Caucasian Chalk Circle (1944-1945). These plays are slightly different from his earlier propagandist and anti-Nazi works, in which his Marxist views are outspoken. They display human beings behaviors and ask the audience to question themselves as to what they would do in a similar situation (Gray 109). In Life of Galileo, Brecht used real historical figures and set the play in the past to distance his audience. Although the play deals with issues that happened in the seventeenth century in Italy, the play is about Brechts contemporary time. Brecht historicized Galileos life to make his audience reflect upon what they are seeing on stage and to make objective judgments on the characters behaviors. He also used the play to mask his political view in order to avoid direct trouble in this politically and socially restless period. The Life of Galileo is a story of Galileos struggle with the Catholic Church, which had all the political power in the seventeenth ce ntury Italy. Brecht wrote the play chronologically, beginning with a forty-six year old Galileo. He is a professor in the University of Padua, he is not wealthy, and he lives with his daughter Virginia, his housekeeper Mrs. Sarti, and Mrs. Sartis son Andrea. Galileo is trying to prove the theories of Copernicus, a study about the earth revolving around the sun. His findings, however, clash with the Churchs doctrine of the Earth being the universes centre. The Church claims that his teaching offends the Churchs proclaimed cosmic order and upsets its political power in society. The Pope agrees to have him investigated by the Inquisition. Although Galileo is eager to learn the truth and to show it to the world, he recants in 1633 when shown instruments of torture. His students despise his cowardice and abandon him. Until the end of his life, Galileo is guarded by the Inquisition and forbidden to write and publish. However, he secretly continues his research, finishes The Discorsi, and gives the book to his former student, Andrea, to smuggle it abroad. There are three versions of The Life of Galileo: the Danish version, the American version, and the Berlin version. The Danish version was written in 1938 in Denmark and was performed in Zurich in 1943. The plot of the play is more or less the same, but it concentrates on the struggle between Galileo and the authorities (Wilson 146). The character of Galileo is different from the American and the Berlin versions in that he is a hero who cunningly recants and accepts the authority of the church so he can finish the Discorsi. Brecht, however, changed his attitude toward Galileo during the Second World War. In 1944, he wrote the American version in collaboration with Charles Laughton, an English actor in Hollywood. This version is shorter than the Danish version, and Brecht changed some incidental characters and altered Galileo after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Galileo, at first a hero who outwits the Inqu isition, becomes a coward who betrays his people because he is frightened of physical pain. However, Brecht was not satisfied with the American version. Laughton, who did not share Brechts exile and flight experience, eliminated many passages about truth being oppressed in Germany. Brecht said:The more incisive changes in the structure of entire scenes or even of the work itself were made solely to facilitate the forward movement of the action . . . L. (Laughton) treated the printed text with a revealing, sometimes brutal indifference that the playwright was seldom able to share. What we created was a script; the performance was everything. It was impossible to persuade him to translate portions that the dramatist was prepared to omit in the production, but that he, however, wanted to rescue for the book. The most important thing was the stage performance, for which the text was only the means, the vehicle: the text was used up in the production it was consumed like powder in firewo rks. (Stern 137) Because of his dissatisfaction with the American version, Brecht revised the play with the help of Elisabeth Hauptmann, Benno Beson, and Ruth Berlau in 1953 in Berlin. This version was first performed by the Berliner Ensemble in 1957. The Berlin version, which Hill refers it as an enriched and refined second version (113), restored many materials from the Danish version that Laughton had cut, but Galileos character remains the same as the American version. Although The Life of Galileo is a historical play, it does not merely to show Galileos life as a scientist. Claude Hill in his book Bertolt Brecht explains, A dramatist rarely if ever merely aims at total accuracy when he chooses historical material; he must be judged by other criteria (114). Although the play is set in Italy in the seventeenth century, it is a play about the playwrights time, not merely about Galileos. The emergence of totalitarianism in Europe in the early twentieth century, particularly in Ge rmany, Italy, and Russia, brought a series of political and social changes to the world. Governments were imposing values and restrictions on people in order to keep them under their control. Individuality and freedom were taken away by these governments to achieve a higher goal and political ideology. The Nazi government managed to indoctrinate its people to believe that its political and social policies would bring the country to what Brecht called the New Age (Foreword 213) and Germany would no longer suffer from the economic depression and loss of cultural pride caused by the First World War. People blindly believed and listened to what the government told them to do without questioning the governments real intention. In the foreword to The Life of Galileo, Brecht said, And yet these disappointed men may still go on existing in a new age, an age of great upheaval. Only, they know nothing of new ages (Foreward 214). It is clear that Brecht used the play to mirror what was going o n in the contemporary world. Galileo is considered a revolutionary scientist who laid the foundation for the development of scientific research (Britannica). He discovered and proved that Earth did not stay still, but rather revolved around the sun. Even though he had the potential to show the dawn of a new age (Portrayal 217) to the world, he recanted to the Church and let the people blindly follow the Churchs teaching. People who lived under Hitlers Germany in the 1930s were in a very similar situation. The public believed whatever the government told them without questioning whether it was true. Brecht says:In these days the conception of the new is itself falsified. The Old and the Very Old, now re-entering the arena, proclaim themselves as new, or else it is held to be new when the Old or the Very Old are put over in a new way. . . . The new for example is the system of waging wars, whereas old, so they say is a system of economy, proposed but never put into practice, which mak es wars superfluous. In the new system, society is being entrenched in classes; and the old, so they say, is the desire to abolish classes. The hopes of mankind do not so much become discouraged in these times; rather, they become diverted. (Foreward 214-215) Through his presentation of the character of Galileo and his story of recantation, Brecht wanted his audience to question totalitarian government. In the play, the Church is afraid that Galileos radical discovery will upset its power and change the worlds order. It prefers a more stable world that sustains its authority even though its people would have to live under an illusion. Although he desires to change the world, Galileo betrays his people by admitting that the Church is right simply because he wants to live. His recantation delays the process of scientific development for years. Brecht, a committed Marxist writer, believed that questioning, a refusal to accept anything as fixed (Needle and Thomson 79) is necessary to i mprove human social conditions. By presenting Galileos weakness, he made his audiences realize that something else could have been done to alter what happened in the seventeenth century. By the same token, they could also take action to make a difference in their own society. Apart from showing the image of people being forced to believe those in positions of authority, Brecht also argued that the governments attempt to suppress knowledge and truth would be futile (Wilson 147). In the first Danish version of The Life of Galileo, Galileo realizes that death or resistance to authority would not make the Church accept his discovery. He recants and the Inquisition believes he will stop his research. However, he continues and secretly finishes the Discorsi. Because of his recantation, he has the chance to smuggle the book abroad, spreading the truth that Earth revolves around the sun. In the end, knowledge and truth win out over the Churchs ideological impositions. Brecht experienced a similar situation to Galileos when Hitler came into power in 1933, and Brecht was driven into exile, all his works banned in Germany (Socialist Review). However, Brecht believed that Hitlers censorship would eventually become pointless, which is why he kept on writing. Brecht wanted to fight against lies and ignorance and educate his audience of societys ills. He believed truth would eventually defeat totalitarianism. The latter version of The Life of Galileo is still about the playwrights own time. If the Danish version represents the playwrights society in the 1930s, then the American version represents his society in the 1940s. In 1941, Brecht departed for the United States and he arrived in Los Angeles, where he settled in Santa Monica near Hollywood. With the help of Charles Laughton, he wrote the American English version of The Life of Galileo in 1944-47 (the American version is simply called Galileo). Laughton played the role of Galileo in the 1947 Los Angeles premier and in the production in New York later on. The American version is much shorter than the original Danish version. Brecht also changed the character of Galileo by changing his reason for finishing the Discorsi to more as the result of habit than a deliberate act of defiance (Hill 116). The reason Brecht changed the motive of Galileos recantation was the atomic bombings in the 1940s. In his Unvarnished Picture of a New Age: Preamble to the American Version, Brecht wrote:The atomic age made its debut at Hiroshima in the middle of our work. Overnight the biography of the founder of the new system of physics read differently. The infernal effect of the great bomb placed the conflict between Galileo and the authorities of his day in a new, sharper light. (224)It is clear that Brecht wanted to use The Life of Galileo to mirror his time. In latter versions, Brecht raises the question of the role of science and scientists in relation to humanity. When Galileo presents the telescope as his new d iscovery to the Venetian court, his student Ludovico, who had told him about this new instrument in Amsterdam, says, I am beginning to understand science (Brecht and Laughton 58). Ludovico despises Galileos claiming the instrument as his own creation. Brecht thought some scientists would allow the bourgeois to put their research products into any use because this could earn them a decent living. Even though Galileo uses the telescope to let the world see what the earth looks like, the Venetian government uses it in its sea battles with other countries and states. A scientific invention that aims to bring good to humanity becomes a weapon that destroys lives. The atomic bombs made Brecht realize that the nuclear age was also a product of Galileos findings because he brought the world to a new scientific age in the seventeenth century. He then cast Galileo as a traitor to humanity because he was the root of the atomic bomb. In Brechts view, the scientists were not aware of the morali ty behind their research. In a draft for a foreword to the play he condemns those scientists who do not realize their moral values as scientists. Brecht writes: The bourgeois single out science from the scientists consciousness, setting it up as an island of independence to be able in practice to interweave it with politics, economics, and ideology. The research scientists object is pure research; the product of that research is not so pure. The formula E= mc2 is conceived of as eternal, not tied to anything. Hence other people can do the tying: Suddenly the city of Hiroshima became very short-lived. The scientists are claiming the irresponsibility of machines. (Drafts 220)Brecht believes scientists have gradually become a tool of the people who can afford to pay for inventions and research. In the last scene, Galileo says to Andrea, I surrendered my knowledge to the powers that be, to use it, no, not use it, abuse it, as it suits their ends. I have betrayed my profession (Brecht an d Laughton 124). Scientists, who were supposed to invent for a better life and bring truth to human beings, were inventing dreadful weapons that destroyed lives and were pushing the world to an end because of their selfish needs. Although it is clear there are similarities between the playwrights time and Galileos time, why did Brecht choose to write a historical play instead of a fictional play? Why did Brecht invent (or reinvent) the character of a historical figure? Eric Bentley, a well-known Brecht scholar, explains:Brecht became interested in the historical Galileo at a time when he was preoccupied with friends and comrades who remained in Germany and somehow managed to continue to work. Prominent in his thoughts was the underground political worker plotting to subvert the Hitler regime. (14-15) In the first version of the play Galileo says, take care when you travel through Germany with the truth under your coat!(Bentley 15). Brecht understood that the only way to express the truth in Germany during 1930s was to hide it. He wrote Writing the Truth: Five difficulties before he finished the first version of The Life of Galileo. The five difficulties of writing truth, according to Brecht, are the courage to write it, the keenness to recognize it, the skill to manipulate it as a weapon, the judgment to select those in whose hands it will be effective, and the need of cunning to spread it among the many. Brecht thought that these five difficulties were formidable problems for writers living under Fascism (Writing 133).In the essay, he especially elaborates on the fifth difficulty, the need of cunning in writing the truth. He lived in a time of oppression where people could not freely tell the truth, in public or private, because they would be in great danger. Even Brecht had to escape his home country because his works expressed a political view opposing Hitlers government. He said in the essay, Lenin wished to deceive exploitation and oppression on Sakhalin Island, but it was necessary for him to beware of the Czarist police (Writing 143). Many governments in Europe during that time, especially in Germany, censored all materials that went against their political and social policies. It became extremely hard for writers who wanted to tell the truth to the people. Brecht, however, thought that if a writer applied cunning devices, then many things that cannot be said in Germany about Germany can be said about Austria (Writing 143). Brecht suggested that a writer could provoke his audience to think about the government objectively by writing a play about other places or areas that share similarities to the contemporary societys situation. Brechts The Life of Galileo, in this case, displays a critical situation that happened in the seventeenth century, with which his audience would be able to make an analogy to their own society. It is only by writing cunningly that a writer can spread the truth at a time when oppression exists. Brecht tho ught The Life of Galileo to be technically a great step backwards (Kellner 287) because he failed to distance his audience emotionally from feeling pity toward Galileo. However, he used historification, another famous epic technique, to allow his audience to think about Galileos situation and actions with appropriate socialistic values. Historification is a playwriting device of setting the action of a play in the historic past to draw parallels with contemporary event (Theatre Dictionary). Brecht often set his plays in the past or in a foreign country, such as The Good Woman of Setzuan takes place in China and Mother Courage and Her Children takes place in Germanys Thirty Years War. He used this technique to get his audience to draw parallels between the past and the present in order to reflect on the social and political issues. In The Life of Galileo, Brecht set the play in the Catholic Church-dominated Italy of the seventeenth century and told the Galileos recantation story in o rder to express his opinions toward the oppressive contemporary world. He believed that by historicizing his play, the audience would then be able to detach themselves from their familiar environment and hence could adopt a critical attitude toward their society (Kellner 285). By seeing what happened in the past on stage, the audience would be able to suggest what should have been done in the past to solve the problems (Benjamin 8). By making parallels to the contemporary world, they would then be able to see what is going wrong in their societies and what could be done to solve the problems. Although it was not until the early 1950s that Brecht wanted to change his epic theatre to a dialectic theatre (Schumacher 113), The Life of Galileo, which was written ten to twenty years before he theorized his dialectic theatre, showed the nature of theatre that Brecht favored at the end of his life. He demonstrated his political view in The Life of Galileo; and questioned his audiences poli tical standpoints in relation to their society. The play, however, manages to educate its audience in an enjoyable way. Ernst Schumacher wrote in his essay The Dialectics of Galileo that Galileo . . . is a demonstration, not only in its technique but in its aesthetic essence. It is the merely narrative and purely demonstrative structure, as well as the appropriately calm production of this play that allows us to grasp and enjoy dialectics in the theatre (123). Brecht skillfully used the theatre as a place to ask people to reflect and feel for what they were experiencing in the society. The Life of Galileo shows how an artist could take a social and political action in a time when oppression existed in the society by inspiring his audience to think and to judge their society critically. This is why The Life of Galileo is still considered as one of the greatest plays in the theatre history even though it was written over sixty years ago. Works Cited Benjamin, Walter. Understanding Br echt. London: New Left, 1972. Bentley, Eric. Introduction: The Science Fiction of Bertolt Brecht. Galileo. Bertolt Brecht and Charles Laughton. Ed. Eric Bentley. Grove Press: New York, 1966. 9-42. Brecht, Bertolt, Charles Laughton. Galileo. Ed. Eric Bentley. New York: Grove Press, 1966. Brecht, Bertolt. Writing the Truth: Five difficulties. Trans. Richard Wilson. Galileo. Bertolt Brecht and Charles Laughton. Ed. Eric Bentley. Grove Press: New York, 1966. 133-150. Brecht, Bertolt. Drafts for a Foreword to Life of Galileo. Collected plays/Bertolt Brecht. Ed. Ralph Manheim and John Willet. Pantheon Books: New York, 1971. 219-223. Brecht, Bertolt. Foreword. Collected plays/Bertolt Brecht. Ed. Ralph Manheim and John Willett. Pantheon Books: New York, 1971. 213-215. Brecht, Bertolt. Portrayal of the Church. Collected plays/Bertolt Brecht. Ed. Ralph Manheim and John Willet. Pantheon Books: New York, 1971. 216-217. Brecht, Bertolt. Unvarnished Picture of a New Age: Preamble to the A merican Version. Collected plays/Bertolt Brecht. Ed. Ralph Manheim and John Willet. Pantheon Books: New York, 1971. 224.- Dick, Geary. Brechts Germany. Brecht in Perspective. Ed. Graham Bartram and Anthony Waine. Longman: New York, 1982. 2-10. Galileo. EncyclopÃÆ'Â ¦dia Britannica. 2006. EncyclopÃÆ'Â ¦dia Britannica Online. 10 Nov 2006 .- Gray, Ronald. Brecht The Dramatist. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1976.Hill, Claude. Bertolt Brecht. Boston: G.K. Hall Co., 1975. Kellner, Douglas. Brechts Marxist Aesthetic. A Bertolt Brecht Reference Companion. Ed. Siegfried Mews. Greenwood Press: Westport, 1997. 281-295. Needle, Jan, Peter Thomson. Brecht. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981. Schumacher, Ernest. The Dialectics of Galileo. Trans. Joachim Neugroschel. Brecht Sourcebook. Ed. Carol Martin and Henry Bial. Routledge: New York. 2000. 113-123. Stern, Guy. Brechts Galileo Galilei. Exile: The Writers Experience. Ed. Ohn M. Spalek and Robert F. Bell. The University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill. 1982. 133-140. Subiotto, Arrigo. Epic Theatre: A Theatre For the Scientific Age. Brecht in Perspective. Ed. Graham Bartram and Anthony Waine. Longman: New York, 1982. 30-44. Still in the Dark Ages: Mother Courage and Her Children. Dec 1995. Socialist Review. 13 Nov 2006 Theatre Glossary. 2004. FilmPlus Organization. 15 Nov 2006 Wilson, Michael. Revisiting Brecht: preparing Galileo for production. Studies in Theatre Performance 22(2002): 145.

Where to Find Free Accounting Courses Online

Free accounting courses provide an excellent opportunity to learn more about accounting  and related topics, like finance, auditing, and taxation, without any out-of-pocket expense. These courses typically go beyond the types of tutorials you might find on YouTube or a general accounting website; they delve into the advanced topics you might find at an undergraduate-level, or even a graduate-level, course at a college, university, or business school. For example, rather than just a short tutorial on how to prepare a balance sheet, a free accounting course will explain how to accurately prepare all of the required financial statements for a business. Earning a Credit for Free Accounting Courses There are some free accounting courses that grant a certificate of completion when you finish the course, but most free courses will not result in an  accounting degree  or college credit of any kind just because you complete the course. Why You Take Free Accounting Courses Online So, you may be asking yourself, why bother taking a course if you cant get earn credit toward  a degree? There are actually a few reasons why you might want to consider taking one or more free accounting courses online: Knowledge: The main reason why people take any type, of course, is to gain new knowledge. You can  acquire education  and skills in a free course, just like you could in a course that you paid money for.  Preparation: Free accounting courses can help you prepare for exams, such as the CLEP Financial Accounting examination. If you pass these exams, you could earn college credit toward a degree.  Practice: A free accounting course is a good way to practice for postsecondary-level studies. If you plan on attending a formal undergraduate or graduate degree program, taking a few free courses online will help you understand the types of lectures, reading and case studies you might encounter in future courses. Schools With Free Accounting Courses Online There are quite a few different colleges and universities that offer free courses or  OpenCourseWare (OCW). OCW varies by school but typically consists of class material like suggested reading, online textbooks, lectures, course notes, case studies, and other study aids.   Here are a few respected colleges and universities that offer free accounting courses online: Kutztown University of Pennsylvania:  The Small Business Development Center at the Kutztown University of Pennsylvania offers more than 70 free business courses, including courses related to accounting, finance, and small business tax.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT):  MITs Sloan School of Management has an extensive OpenCourseWare program that provides course materials like video lectures, lecture notes, exams (with solutions), etc. for undergraduate and graduate-level students. Courses cover a wide range of topics, including finance theory, financial accounting, and managerial accounting.  Open University: The UKs Open University provides free educational resources through its OpenLearn website. Courses are categorized by topic and education level (introductory, intermediate, and advanced). Free accounting courses, videos, and reference materials can be found in the Money and Management category.  UC Berkeley: The University of California Berkeley offers free video and audio lectures on topics like accounting, economics, mathematics, and statistics, among others. These lectures were posted in the spring of 2015 or before. For more recent UC Berkeley courses, you could visit edX, which offers free online courses from top universities around the world.

The Importance of Language and Culture - 2130 Words

The Importance of Language and Culture Diana Everett COM200 Instructor Terrance Frazier April 04, 2011 The Importance of Language and Culture There are two forms of communications--verbal and non-verbal. Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. Language is not the only source of communication, there are other means also. Messages can be communicated through gestures and touch, by body language or posture, by facial expression and eye contact. Meaning can also be communicated through object or artifacts (such as clothing, hairstyles or architecture), symbols, and icons (or graphics). Speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage,†¦show more content†¦Language is more than just a means of communication. It influences our culture and even our thought processes. Language is arguably the most important component of culture because much of the rest of it is normally transmitted orally. It is impossible to understand the subtle nuances and deep meanings of another culture without knowing its language well. Differen t languages are easier to learn at a younger age before completely understanding a first language. Trying to learn a second language can be difficult for an adult, because the language they speak can confuse them while trying to learn. Different languages come from different backgrounds and when crossed can lead to great misunderstanding between the two languages. Anthropologists have found that learning about how people categorize things in their environment provides important insights into the interests, concerns, and values of their culture(Oneil, 2006). Language determines the way a person reviews the world. One’s culture determines the way one processes information and how one copes with reality. Concepts and objects have frames of reference that differ from culture to culture. The meaning of a word partly depends on the culture’s historical relation to the concept or object described. Different cultures see the world differently. Different cultures have different beliefs and values and these are expressed in their language, whether it be verbal or non-verbal. Many misunderstandingsShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Language and Culture3202 Words   |  13 Pages The importance of language is a repeated trend throughout history. The lack of language weighs negatively on an individual’s intellect and the acquisition of language feeds the development of one’s cultural identity. The greatest historical conquest began in the realm of linguistic turmoil. Examples of this are vast in the capturing of American Americans slaves, and injustice towards the Native Americans on the home front. 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Societal Classes of the Medieval Era and of Today - 540 Words

One’s social and economical status has, throughout all of history, been a very important aspect of one’s life. It influences the education one can receive, what work they are eligible to do, and their position in their world as a whole. In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer explores a variety of positions in medieval society through his characters. The feudal hierarchy Chaucer explored over 600 years ago such as the clergy, the middle class, and the nobility are all comparable to the societal classes of today’s world. The first, and most influential class, would be the clergy. These people some might describe as â€Å"those who pray.† The clergy is a special case as it does not have a strict position the feudal hierarchy. For example, friars and priests would be considered on par with peasants and commoners respectively. On the other hand, the pope himself easily rivaled the king in terms of power. The organized institution of Christianity and its memb ers are still extremely comparable today. They both still dedicate their lives to God and service his Will, while controversially there are members whose integrity are similar to some of the Clergy members in The Canterbury Tales. Like the friar, there are members today who knew â€Å"every innkeeper and barmaid too better than lepers, beggars and that crew† (pg.103, -245-6). That is too say, despite being a â€Å"messenger of God,† their behavior is still commonly seen as less than Godly today. Of course there are still excellentShow MoreRelatedIf Rome Never Fell2888 Words   |  12 Pagesconcrete are often highlighted to show how advanced technologically Rome was. Think of the film Gladiator and its depiction of the advanced coliseum. But imagine if Rome had never fallen. Would modern society be more advanced today? Quite the contrary would be true. 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Moby Dick and The Masque of the Red Death True American...

Moby Dick and â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†: True American Romanticism In society today, people tend to go with their feelings instead of reasoning or recalling situations to have happened to them before for insight. The reasoning behind this is due American Romanticism, created in 1800 and lasting through 1860. In this period literature, music, and art was created on how the writers and artists felt instead of logic and reasoning. American Romanticism is clearly shown in Herman Melville’s Moby Dick and Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. Both Moby Dick and â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† show the struggle of everyday life with vivid use of the five senses, the all-being truth of the cycle of nature, and the wonder, awe, and†¦show more content†¦Using sensory imagery to exploit the five senses is also shown in â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. When describing the vile disease, graphic imagery is used to invoke many negative emotions. Poe writes: â€Å"No pestilence had ever been so fatal, or so hideous. Blood was its Avatar and its seal --the redness and the horror of blood. There were sharp pains, and sudden dizziness, and then profuse bleeding at the pores, with dissolution. The scarlet stains upon the body and especially upon the face of the victim, were the pest ban which shut him out from the aid and from the sympathy of his fellow-men. And the whole seizure, progress and termination of the disease, were the incidents of half an hourâ€Å"(1). Without going into much gross detail, this quote uses the sense of sight to show the ill effects of the red death, like â€Å"...profuse bleeding at the pores...†(1) that will kill everyone in Prince Prospero’s utopia. Both use the sense of sight to invoke emotions, with Moby Dick the view of sailors looking out to sea showing their longing for it, or with â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, the disgusting symptoms of the disease showing how god awful it really being that Poe compared the Red Death to tuberculosis. Romantic writers used vivid details to invoke the five senses to create emotion, both positive and negative, and both works are not short of great

Cheating on College Examinations Free Essays

Any form of cheating is a form of dishonesty. It is an act of accomplishing something in an unethical behavior. Cheating is used in any kinds of exams, especially college exams. We will write a custom essay sample on Cheating on College Examinations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Does it really happen? Sure it does. We argue that many college students cheat during examinations because of several reasons. They can be nervous that is why they cheat, it can also be a reason of time management wherein some college students also work while taking time to attend school classes or, maybe they are Just lazy enough to study ahead of examination date. There are a lot of reasons why cheating on college exams happens and along with it, there are numerous effects out of cheating. Whatever the reason behind cheating, still it is an act of dishonesty and unethical conduct; besides the reality that cheating on college exams is also cheating yourself. Cheating on College Exams One of the most common reasons why student cheats on college exams is that he just forgot to study, so it is more likely that he will cheat, but as an effect, there is a high possibility that his teacher might catch him while doing it or even worse, fail the xam after cheating because of different set of examinations. Another common reason for cheating is to complete the course as shortly as doable. In todays world, once you look into the word cheating you’ll be able to realize several definitions and meanings for it. Everyone contains a completely different definition for the word cheating. Students will always find the way to cheat with the use of reference materials or by obtaining the solutions ahead of time to be ready for a closed book test. Some students pay others to complete their schoolwork. Cheating could be a concern for all colleges and teachers. Students forever find the way to avoid the results of cheating, notwithstanding how rigorously colleges work to stop it. For some students, cheating is an easy way to get better grades. Although several students assume that their individual dishonesty won’t have an effect on anyone else, negative outcomes would still have impacts towards their personal knowledge. One impact of student cheating is that they are not learning accordingly. Some students get into the cheating habits, they do not study and in the long run, this habit affects their career development. Once the student decides to cheat, he could or might not understand he material. What a student fails to understand is that the material that the course is covering could be a necessity to use in daily life. Whatever the student doesn’t learn within the course as a result of cheating can have an effect on them to get an employment with a decent pay, as a result of the fact that the student never learned the course material. Once a student takes an exam, its results are supposed to show the amount of information learned that the student has on the material that his course offers. In fact, there would be no employer who will keep someone that has no he numerous negative outcomes that cheating provides aside from not being true and honest to their self, which surely will have negative effect on students. Cheating on college exams has an effect on students one time or another throughout their school life. As mentioned, no good comes from college exam cheating because in doing this, you are cheating yourself. Once caught during college exams, a consequence comes in. As a result, a student may receive the maximum punishment their teacher can give, especially those who are hard on their students. On the other hand, there are teachers who are quite lenient with their students. Minimal unishment such as warning may be given to the student as an effect of cheating. However, cheating on college exam is commonly occurring if the student lacks effort with their studies. Students may not be able to attend his class due to some reasons, leading them to cheat during examination. Whatever the reasons for absence are, the point is they are not likely to pass through their own knowledge besides the fact that it will be more complex for them to cope with the upcoming lectures. That reality, which shows students who want to pass on the subjects that they find difficult for them, is also another cause why they cheat on college exam. There are times that a student, no matter how hard he studies, still finds it hard to cope with lectures in a specific subject causing him to cheat during exams. A student may also be forced to cheat if there is a parental expectation regarding his grades. Another common reason why they cheat on college exam is because of the other students who also cheat, especially when they found out that the head of the class also cheats making them realize that cheating will give them better grades. If this is the case an effect would be more and more students will be attempted to cheat during exams rovided that the first one who committed it was not caught. Conclusion Cheating on college exams is one of the most common behaviors that some students do. A cheater may find it helpful as it may lessen his or her effort to pass the exam, hence getting higher grade is possible without an effort if they cheat. Yes, it can help a student, but it will Just be a temporary help because cheating on exams will never help them learn, which is opposed to their primary purpose of attending college course. Additionally, cheating without learning is like admitting your weakness and letting the learning opportunity pass through your hands. 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Pricing and Sales Promotion Free Sample †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Pricing and Sales Promotion. Answer: Introduction Pricing strategy plays an important role in determining the competiveness of the business organizations in the market. On the other hand, various aspects such as the brand value are being considered in determining the pricing strategy for the organizations. For the contemporary business organizations, pricing of the products or services are being done based on various aspects rather than just depending on the quality (Allender Richards, 2012). Organizations such as Coca cola and Apple price their products much higher compared to their production cost and still enjoys huge turnover in the market. This essay will discuss about the pricing strategy of Coca cola and Apple along with discussing about the aspects that they considers in pricing their products. Pricing strategy of Coca cola and Apple In the case of the Coca cola, the key raw material for them is water, which is having marginal or no cost. Thus, Coca cola involves very less amount in sourcing the raw materials and with all the production facilities and process; they can sell their products at half the price, what they are selling now. However, they are selling in much higher price due to the fact that, the substitute products as priced similarly and customer have no other options to have carbonated drinks in fewer prices. Moreover, the brand value also attracts the customers to have their products despite of charging more (Allender Richards, 2012). Customer information is being determined by them in implementing their pricing strategy. According to them, the price that customer pays for buying Coca cola is negligible to their consumption budget and thus no one pays much attention whether coca cola is charging higher or not. In addition, the brand value that Coca cola have created is quite positive and highly pene trated in the global market (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2012). Thus, if Coca cola will charge more prices for their existing products, then also customers will buy more of it by perceiving that quality is being enhanced with the price. In the case of Apple also, they charge much higher compared to their production cost. It is true that Apple use highest quality standard in manufacturing their products, but still they can offer their products is less price compared to their exorbitant prices. The approach of Apple is to offer innovation and exclusive products to the customers. According to the customer information being gathered by Apple, premium pricing will help to create niche market and exclusive products (Heracleous, 2013). Thus, customer will be interested to pay more for it. Moreover, the innovation that Apple is offering is creating monopoly for them in the market, which allows them to charge more prices. By initiating the premium pricing, Apple enhance the exclusivity of their products, which further increase the appeal among the customers. By gathering the customer information effectively, they have targeted the desire of the higher income segments of having exclusive products. More, the promotion and posi ting strategy of Apple also helped them in determining their pricing strategy. This is due to the reason that, Apple has positioned their products in such a way that, the products of Apple are being perceived as the status symbol and recognition of achievement (Kapferer Bastien, 2012). Thus, the customers are more motivated in paying the extra amount that they are charging to buy the products of Apple. Conclusion Thus, from the above discussion of the pricing strategy of Coca cola and Apple, it is been seen that though their production cost is much lower, but still they are having huge turnover in the market by charging more prices. It is being discussed that, other than production cost there are various aspects that are considered in determining the price of the product. Effective determination of the customer information along with having positive brand value in the market allows these organizations in charging higher prices from the customers. Both these organizations have segmented their target market effectively along with effectively tapping the buying criterion of the customers. Referencs Aaker, D. A., Joachimsthaler, E. (2012). Brand leadership. Simon and Schuster. Allender, W. J., Richards, T. J. (2012). Brand loyalty and price promotion strategies: an empirical analysis. Journal of Retailing, 88(3), 323-342. Heracleous, L. (2013). Quantum strategy at Apple Inc. Organizational Dynamics, 42(2), 92-99. Kapferer, J. N., Bastien, V. (2012). The luxury strategy: break the rules of marketing to build luxury brands. Kogan page publishers.

Mario Perez Essay Example

Mario Perez Paper Mario Perez completed his Bachelor Degree in Accounting from the Florida International University (FIU) in 1999. Later he received his degree of Masters of Science in Taxation from Florida International University in 2001. He was certified in the State of Florida after he passed all four parts of the CPA exam in 2001 with great success. Professor Mario Perez works as a Visiting Professor. He is also a full-time Faculty member at the University of Miami School of Business since 2006. Professor Peres teaches in such areas as financial and managerial accounting. He also holds the position of the Lead Faculty for the Becker CPA Review in South Florida. Mario Perez teaches the Financial and Audit sections of the CPA exam. He also teaches an intensive CPA review course at the University of Miami Business School during the summer period. It plays a significant role for the accounting graduates as it helps them become certified. He also worked for ExxonMobil as the Senior Accountant where he was responsible for monthly financial reporting for all operations in Bermuda and Jamaica from 1999 to 2004. At Miami Law, Professor Mario Perez teaches Accounting for Lawyers. He has a large experience in consulting work, tax planning and tax preparation. Professor Perez is ranked as one of the highest instructors in the nation. According to the survey of his students, Professor Mario Perez has a very high rating. Under their reviews, his students describe him as one of the best professors at the University of Miami Business School and as great specialist who makes all material easily digestible and interesting. We will write a custom essay sample on Mario Perez specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mario Perez specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mario Perez specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Writing Proposals As Novel Proposals

Writing Proposals As Novel ProposalsYou've come up with a brilliant proposal, but if you can't use it to its full potential you're doomed to write the same proposal over again. Instead of committing to writing the same proposal time again, you may want to consider including a few unique proposal topics in your proposal. In this article we'll talk about some idea topics for your proposal.One of the first things you should do is to review your proposal. Look at what makes it unique and highlight these points. What are the main points of your proposal? Do they have an obvious point of importance? Where is your solution to the problem you are addressing?Once you've done your proposal, read through it and make notes on how it could be used as a successful proposal essay topic. Next, write a few different proposals that demonstrate the ways in which your proposal is different.How would you change your topic to create an additional angle for your proposal? For example, would you add one or two more solutions to the problems you are addressing? Do you feel you could add a new side to your proposal? If so, you may want to think about creating a new proposal that utilizes one or two of the ideas you've written about.Remember, you should always read your proposal through several times and look at the different ideas in light of the main points you've covered. This will help you write more effectively, and you will come up with even better proposals that will give you more opportunities to get the attention of your clients.Using unconventional ideas for proposals is a great way to keep things fresh. If you've done a good job at your current job, your ideas may be well known, but you may want to think outside the box. How about following your ideas with some creative non-traditional proposal topics?If you've done a good job and people see your proposals at an awards ceremony, they may have various reasons for giving you the award. How about suggesting you do a special prese ntation at a luncheon or perhaps offer a toast? Once you start thinking outside the box, your ideas will appear more innovative.Be sure to do a little research to see what other people have done with proposal essays. By using some of these ideas, you may be able to come up with a unique idea that will make your proposal stand out from others.

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buy custom From Spaces of Places essay Without doubt, Joachim Blatter oversees that with the uprising dynamics of technology, he is not the only one who foresees that the network society is rising from nowhere to some space of flows.[i] These drastic and evolving changes have led the researchers to ask themselves empirical questions that have led to debate over time. It is questionable as to whether the multiplication of stages of governance as conferred to the federalism version is leading to a progression of deterritorialization where associations of supremacy currently are remarkably unbundling into more of a functionally differentiated system with variable and fuzzy government scales. Another, query that is being posed to the extent that the significant transformations from the government to the governance sector and the inclusion of actors of both from private and non-profit sectors in organizations, mainly of cross border superiority could go, besides the ties and mechanisms that do hold the actors involved together . Blatter in his article seeks to give answers to the questions that arise due to the technological changes that take place. Indeed, he portrays how the answers are empirical evidence from Western Europe and North American borderlands as they seek to give more clarifications that are more relevant to the question that individuals always ask themselves. Border regions obviously need justification as they are seen as the peripheral parts of the state territory and not the precursors of glocalization process. This is not the case as currently many borders are not peripheral as they are continuously achieving economic prosperity that is above the national average level. This is as a result of the decrease in the significance of the nation-state that has led to the prevalent increase in the relevance of the region. In addition, the global cities are taking over the national environment as it becomes globally linked. As a result, dramatic changes as the forces of transnational integration an d domestic decentralization as elements of glocalization are competing for dominance of national administration as it seeks to govern the regions that cross over the borders. Instrumental and identity-providing institutions have become one of the most significant elements of differentiation. According to functionalist and rationalist theories, they assume that there is an objective interdependence that exists between institutions and social actors, which serve specific purposes. Indeed, the ritual of representation has overseen activities that create mutual obligations with no specific purpose among the group members. As political institutions, are seen to be symbolic actions that considerably have influence upon political actors. However, these symbols do not seek to go contrary to the rules as it seeks to give correct information but to ensure that it stimulate emotion an empathy and reduce ambiguity rather than uncertainty as accorded to rules. Blatter therefore, clearly points out that for individual and social welfare to be attained instrumental institutions should ensure that includes all actors and pertinent resources. Transformation in the supremacy is to shift from to the territory centered to function centered as it moves from space of place to a space of flows. This is as a result of a network that is dominant in cases of being nearly decomposable is non-existent. Considerably, this networks and hierarchies have a difference in terms of their structure of interaction that arises from two dimensions. These two dimensions comprise of the interterritorial and intersectoral dimensions that design the structure of an ideal type. However, the existence of the two dimensions could make the structure blurred as direct contacts between the subnational actors of various types and inclusion of non-public-sector organization existing in trans-boundary institutions. Territorial and functional governance that exists have gotten different features and task performance. Ideal types of cross-border political institutions according to Blatter should be analyzed from their own dimensions and distinguished. These types of institutions include commissions, connection, coalitions and consociation. Commissions are usually characterized by a scientific, technical, or judicial approach so as to reduce cases of cross -border issues and disputes. This institution is liberal as there are national delegations and votes as members of a commission. Its national boundaries determine the geographic area of cooperation as it acts as an all-purpose institution that performs many tasks. Leading members in a commission include experts in the field of law and engineering as they seek to find appropriate measures and projects based on scientific-technical knowledge. Connection significantly helps in overcoming obstacles that could readily hinder the exploitation of positive and negative externalities and synergies. Blatter explains how connection the information that is being conveyed does not show the objective necessity that brings out coordinated action but does not reduce the transaction costs at all. As a result, it does not involve typical experts but involve the brokers who could either be planners and developers. Coalition as a cross-border political institution is not of objective necessity, this is because political actors arrange to join forces together in dispute or in conflict with another political actor and therefore, does not choose partners based on interdependence. Coalitions are extremely characterized as individuals with shared belief and common values as they move together dominated by the same motive. This links include horizontal linkages between the various partners in a geographicaal region. Consociation influences individual behaviors through symbolizing ideas with identities and images that cross-border political community. This cooperation that exists seeks to influence peoples identity in a holistic and affective way. Indeed, the four types of cross-border political institution have been pointed out in a vast number of nations the European Union is not an exception. These countries include the Upper Rhine Valley, California, Lake Constance region and Cascadia. Blatter explains that the cause of the differences between Europe and North America is as a result of deterritorialization. This is extremely seen through the sectors that make up institution in Europe is purely intergovernmental and complemented by institutionalized meetings of legislators. Whereas in North America institutions, are more open to direct involvement of private and non-profit actors. In addition, institutions in Europe share a common geographical definition in border regions. However, in North America, there is no congruence between the various institutions thus leads to general overlaps. In terms of the goals and tasks, European has developed encompassing programs and activities that exist in many policy fields whereas, in North America, there is similar broad aspiration that have to narrow down to suit the activity. With respect to temporal stability, Europeans has commissions that do not contrast so much with those in North America. In Europe, the vision is holistic and multifunctional as compared to North America that has bioregional concepts. from all orders made by people you bring! Your people also get 17% discount on their first order In order to look at the empirical study case, Blatter makes it quite obvious that we have to overcome unspecified notions like the territorial differences towards functioning, and thereafter, we look at a specific tie and links that are crucial for defining the new instruction of governance based on the common space of flows. Blatter explains that the two borders of North America have created social cohesion and built political institutions through material flow and flow of ideas. Blatter clearly illustrates that high performances in the specific fields outweigh the total failure in terms of cross-border cooperation. It is therefore, logical according to Blatter to conclude that Europe and North America are through the trend of glocalization. I correspond with Blatter views, opinion, and clear explanation that with the uprising dynamics of technology, he foresees that the network society is rising from nowhere to some space of flows. As a result of space flows in politics, there is an uprising significant mobilizing capacity with tremendous transformational powers. Significantly, it is true that today the government has become governance as a result of the transition. I also concur with Blatter that the political systems are adjusting to changes in technical and socioeconomic features of natural imperatives. Buy custom From Spaces of Places essay

Find out What Mathematical Economics Is

Find out What Mathematical Economics Is Much of the study of economics requires an understanding of mathematical and statistical methods, so what exactly is mathematical economics? Mathematical economics is best defined as a sub-field of economics that examines the mathematical aspects of economics and economic theories. Or put into other words, mathematics such as calculus, matrix algebra, and differential equations are applied to illustrate economic theories and analyze economic hypotheses. Proponents of mathematical economics claim that the primary advantage of this particular approach is that it permits the formation of theoretical economic relationships through generalizations with simplicity. Mind you, the simplicity of this approach to the study of economics is certainly subjective. These proponents are likely to be skilled in complex mathematics. An understanding of mathematical economics is particularly important for students considering the pursuit of a graduate degree in economics as advanced economics studies make great use of formal mathematical reasoning and models. Mathematical Economics vs. Econometrics As most economics student will attest to, modern economic research certainly doesnt shy away from mathematical modeling, but its application of the math differs within the various subfields. Fields like econometrics seek  to analyze real-world economic scenarios and activity through statistical methods. Mathematical economics, on the other hand, could be considered econometrics theoretical  counterpart. Mathematical economics allows economists to formulate testable hypotheses on a wide array of complicated subjects and topics. It also permits economists to explain observable phenomena in quantifiable terms and provide the basis for further interpretation or the provision of possible solutions.  But these mathematical methods that economists use are not limited to mathematical economics. In fact, many are often utilized in the studies of other sciences as well. The Math in Mathematical Economics These mathematical methods generally reach far beyond typical high school algebra and geometry and are not limited to one mathematical discipline. The importance of these advanced mathematical methods is captured perfectly in the mathematics section of books to study before going to graduate school in economics: Having a good understanding of mathematics is crucial to success in economics. Most undergraduate students, particularly those coming from North America, are often shocked by how mathematical graduate programs in economics are. The math goes beyond basic algebra and calculus, as it tends to be more proofs, such as Let (x_n) be a Cauchy sequence. Show that if (X_n) has a convergent subsequence then the sequence is itself convergent. Economics uses tools from essentially every branch of mathematics. For instance, a  great deal of pure mathematics, such as real analysis, appears in microeconomic theory. Numerical method  approaches from applied mathematics are also used a great deal in most subfields of economics. Partial differential equations, which are normally associated with physics, show up in all kinds of economics applications, most notably finance and asset pricing. For better or for worse, economics has become an incredibly technical topic of study.